Photosynthesis essay 6

Light or photochemical reactions: Robert Hill found that when isolated chloroplasts illuminated, they produced oxygen and acquired reducing properties. Carbon dioxide was not involved and water had been split into hydrogen and oxygen. This is now called the Hill reaction. It is the main event in light reactions of photosynthesis.

The chlorophyll bearing plants trap the free energy of sunlight as photons and transform and store it as chemical potential energy by combining CO 2 and water. The end products of photosynthesis are carbohydrates with loss of oxygen. These directly or indirectly serve as the source of energy for all living beings, except chemosynthetic bacteria.

Essays Biochem 31 October 2016; 60 (3): 255–273. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/EBC20160016 Photosynthesis sustains virtually all life on planet Earth providing the oxygen we breathe and the food we eat; it forms the basis of global food chains and meets the majority of humankind's current energy needs through fossilized photosynthetic fuels.

The light energy is used to excite an electron within a chlorophyll molecule residing in PSII or PSI to a higher energy level; this excited chlorophyll is then able to reduce the subsequent acceptors in the chain. The oxidized chlorophyll is then reduced by water in the case of PSII and plastocyanin in the case of PSI.